纽时:共和党5大派系各拥山头难团结 派系中还有派系

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    ![身为众院多数党的共和党,因党内派系林立,不能团结,至今推不出新议长,众院议事空转。(美联社)

    FILE - The speaker's dais is seen in the House of Representatives of the Capitol in Washington, Monday, Feb. 28, 2022. After House Speaker Kevin McCarthy was voted out of the job by a contingent of hard-right conservatives this week, House GOP leaders are now grappling to find a new speaker. With no speaker of the House, a constitutional officer second in line to the presidency, the Congress cannot fully function — to pass laws, fund the government and otherwise serve as the branch of government closest to the people — during a time of simmering uncertainty at home and abroad. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite, File)【作者:美国联合通讯社,日期:2023-10-05,数位典藏序号:20231005235035276】(photo:UDN)](https://pgw.udn.com.tw/gw/photo.php?u=https://uc.udn.com.tw/photo/wj/realtime/2023/10/25/26500638.jpg&x=0&y=0&sw=0&sh=0&sl=W&fw=800&exp=3600&w=930 "身为众院多数党的共和党,因党内派系林立,不能团结,至今推不出新议长,众院议事空转。(美联社)

    FILE - The speaker's dais is seen in the House of Representatives of the Capitol in Washington, Monday, Feb. 28, 2022. After House Speaker Kevin McCarthy was voted out of the job by a contingent of hard-right conservatives this week, House GOP leaders are now grappling to find a new speaker. With no speaker of the House, a constitutional officer second in line to the presidency, the Congress cannot fully function — to pass laws, fund the government and otherwise serve as the branch of government closest to the people — during a time of simmering uncertainty at home and abroad. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite, File)【作者:美国联合通讯社,日期:2023-10-05,数位典藏序号:20231005235035276】(photo:UDN)")
    *身为众院多数党的共和党,因党内派系林立,不能团结,至今推不出新议长,众院议事空转。(美联社)

    FILE - The speaker's dais is seen in the House of Representatives of the Capitol in Washington, Monday, Feb. 28, 2022. After House Speaker Kevin McCarthy was voted out of the job by a contingent of hard-right conservatives this week, House GOP leaders are now grappling to find a new speaker. With no speaker of the House, a constitutional officer second in line to the presidency, the Congress cannot fully function — to pass laws, fund the government and otherwise serve as the branch of government closest to the people — during a time of simmering uncertainty at home and abroad. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite, File)【作者:美国联合通讯社,日期:2023-10-05,数位典藏序号:20231005235035276】(photo:UDN)*

    国会众院议长悬缺20天,共和党无法团结推出人选,「纽约时报」24日指出,这是因为共和党内目前有五大派系各行其是,派系中还有派系,盘根错节,如此让政党几乎管都管不动;太多派系意识形态冲突,议员个性倔强又不妥协,往昔积怨难消,因此无法团结于一人麾下。

    过去九个月众院共和党团运作,可以形容为先选出建制派的麦卡钖当议长,但极右派看他不顺眼就罢免了他;接下来找党团二号人物、另一名建制派议员角逐,结果很快就被封杀;再来只好找超保守派人选,但建制派反击,让他选不下去。目前党内可谓山头林立,杀成一团,无法团结。

    共和党事实上的党领袖、目前党内总统提名民调一马当先的前总统川普23日表示,看来除了耶稣基督,没人能保证在众院当选议长。

    共和党也不避讳自己的分裂,公开自称五花八门的派系为「五大家族」(The Five Families),这是引用纽约黑手党黑道世家的典故;分别为右派的「众院自由党团」(House Freedom Caucus)、保守派「共和党研究委员会」(Republican Study Committee)、有商业头脑的「商业街党团」(Main Street Caucus)、主流派「共和党管治集团」(Republican Governance Group),以及愿两党合作的「解决问题党团」(Republican Governance Group)。

    麦卡钖的九个月议长任内,为抚平五大派系的紧张关系而每周开会,但事实证明收效甚微。

    派系中还有派系。自称「20士」(The 20)的极右派团体之中有很多人属自由党团,但有些人不然。有些人忠于来自故乡州的其他人;有些人忠于众院各委员会的主席;有些人无门无派,没有哲学宗旨。此外还有个人长期恩怨,与意识形态无关。

    麦卡钖的议长职被罢免,部分是因他与佛州国会议员盖茨(Matt Gaetz)的积怨;而麦卡钖的盟友与二号人物史卡利斯(Steve Scalise)关系又冷如冰霜。自由党团共同创办人乔登(Jim Jordan)上周无法当选议长,主要是因「拨款委员会」(Appropriations Committee)成员对他长期拖延法案尤其是拖延开支法案的手段不满。

    共和党研究委员会主席赫恩(Kevin Hern)指出,有些关系是长期积忿,永远无法解决。